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Childbirth, also known as labour, parturition and delivery, is the completion of pregnancy where one or more babies exits the internal environment of the mother via vaginal delivery or caesarean section. [7] In 2019, there were about 140.11 million human births globally. [9] In the developed countries, most deliveries occur in hospitals, [10 ...
Unassisted childbirth ( UC) refers to the process of intentionally giving birth without the assistance of a medical birth attendant. It may also be known as freebirth, [1] DIY (do-it-yourself) birth, [2] unhindered birth, [3] and unassisted home birth. [4] Unassisted childbirth is by definition a planned process, and is thus distinct from ...
A vaginal delivery is the birth of offspring in mammals ( babies in humans) through the vagina (also called the "birth canal"). [1] It is the most common method of childbirth worldwide. [2] It is considered the preferred method of delivery, as it is correlated with lower morbidity and mortality than caesarean sections (C-sections), [3] though ...
Presentation (obstetrics) In obstetrics, the presentation of a fetus about to be born specifies which anatomical part of the fetus is leading, that is, is closest to the pelvic inlet of the birth canal. According to the leading part, this is identified as a cephalic, breech, or shoulder presentation. A malpresentation is any presentation other ...
A cephalic presentation or head presentation or head-first presentation is a situation at childbirth where the fetus is in a longitudinal lie and the head enters the pelvis first; the most common form of cephalic presentation is the vertex presentation, where the occiput is the leading part (the part that first enters the birth canal). [1]
Emergency childbirth is the precipitous birth of an infant in an unexpected setting. In planned childbirth, mothers choose the location and obstetric team ahead of time. Options range from delivering at home, at a hospital, a medical facility or a birthing center. Sometimes, birth can occur on the way to these facilities, without a healthcare team.
Childbirth positions. Childbirth positions (or maternal birthing positions) [1] are the physical postures that the pregnant mother may assume during the process of childbirth. They may also be referred to as delivery positions or labor positions . In addition to the lithotomy position (on back with feet pulled up), still commonly used by many ...
Postpartum period. The postpartum (or postnatal) period begins after childbirth and is typically considered to last for six weeks. [1] There are three distinct phases of the postnatal period; the acute phase, lasting for six to twelve hours after birth; the subacute phase, lasting six weeks; and the delayed phase, lasting up to six months.