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The Independent Subway System ( IND; formerly the ISS [a]) was a rapid transit rail system in New York City that is now part of the New York City Subway. [2] It was first constructed as the Eighth Avenue Line in Manhattan in 1932. [3] It was originally also known as the Independent City-Owned Subway System ( ICOSS) or the Independent City-Owned ...
When the New York City Transit Authority was created in July 1953, the fare was raised to 15 cents (equivalent to $1.71 in 2023) and a token was issued. [89] In 1970 the fare was raised to 30 cents. [90] This token is 23mm in diameter with a Y cut out, and is known as the "Large Y Cutout".
An 1807 grid plan of Manhattan. The history of New York City's transportation system began with the Dutch port of New Amsterdam.The port had maintained several roads; some were built atop former Lenape trails, others as "commuter" links to surrounding cities, and one was even paved by 1658 from orders of Petrus Stuyvesant, according to Burrow, et al. The 19th century brought changes to the ...
Wadham College, Oxford ( BA, MA) Columbia University ( PhD) Robert Moses (December 18, 1888 – July 29, 1981) was an American urban planner and public official who worked in the New York metropolitan area during the early to mid-20th century. Moses is regarded as one of the most powerful and influential people in the history of New York City ...
The New York City Subway is a rapid transit system in the New York City boroughs of Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, and the Bronx. It is owned by the government of New York City and leased to the New York City Transit Authority, [14] an affiliate agency of the state-run Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA). [15]
Staten Island Railway. The Staten Island Railway ( SIR) is a rapid transit line in the New York City borough of Staten Island. It is owned by the Staten Island Rapid Transit Operating Authority ( SIRTOA ), a subsidiary of the Metropolitan Transportation Authority, and operated by the New York City Transit Authority Department of Subways.
The Manhattan Transfer is an American vocal group founded in 1969, performing a cappella, vocalese, swing, standards, Brazilian jazz, rhythm and blues, and pop music. The group has won eleven Grammy Awards .
Metropolitan Transportation: A Program for Action, also known as simply the Program for Action, the Grand Design, or the New Routes Program, [1] [2] was a proposal in the mid-1960s for a large expansion of mass transit in New York City, created under then-Mayor John Lindsay. Originally published on February 29, 1968, the Program for Action was ...