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β adrenergic receptor antagonists (also called beta-blockers or β-blockers) were initially developed in the 1960s, for the treatment of angina pectoris but are now also used for hypertension, congestive heart failure and certain arrhythmias. [1]
Beta blockers, also spelled β-blockers, are a class of medications that are predominantly used to manage abnormal heart rhythms , and to protect the heart from a second heart attack after a first heart attack (secondary prevention).
In the field of drug therapy, his discovery laid the foundation for the development of beta blockers to treat heart disease and also reduce high blood pressure. Other work. Ahlquist's other scientific work also includes the pharmacology of the sympathetic nervous system.
Scientific work. He is best known for his work on beta-adrenoceptor antagonists (better known as beta blocker ), and for the development of the first widely used classification system for antidysrhythmic drugs, commonly known as the Vaughan Williams classification.
The discovery and development of ARBs is a demonstrative example of modern rational drug design and how design can be used to gain further knowledge of physiological systems, in this case, the characterization of the subtypes of Ang II receptors.
It was the first beta-blocker effectively used in the treatment of coronary artery disease and hypertension. In 1988, Black was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine for this discovery. Propranolol was inspired by the early β-adrenergic antagonists dichloroisoprenaline and pronethalol .
Metoprolol is a beta blocker, or an antagonist of the β-adrenergic receptors. It is specifically a selective antagonist of the β 1-adrenergic receptor and has no intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. Metoprolol exerts its effects by blocking the action of certain neurotransmitters, specifically adrenaline and noradrenaline.
Discovery and development of beta2 agonists. β 2 -adrenoceptor agonists are a group of drugs that act selectively on β 2 -receptors in the lungs causing bronchodilation. β 2 -agonists are used to treat asthma and COPD, diseases that cause obstruction in the airways. Prior to their discovery, the non-selective beta-agonist isoprenaline was used.
Class II agents are conventional beta blockers. They act by blocking the effects of catecholamines at the β 1 -adrenergic receptors , thereby decreasing sympathetic activity on the heart, which reduces intracellular cAMP levels and hence reduces Ca 2+ influx.
H2 antagonists, sometimes referred to as H2RAs [1] and also called H2 blockers, are a class of medications that block the action of histamine at the histamine H 2 receptors of the parietal cells in the stomach. This decreases the production of stomach acid.