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In the United States, payroll taxes are assessed by the federal government, some of the 50 states and numerous cities. These taxes are imposed on employers and employees and on various compensation bases and are collected and paid to the taxing jurisdiction by the employers.
Taxes are levied on income, payroll, property, sales, capital gains, dividends, imports, estates and gifts, as well as various fees. In 2020, taxes collected by federal, state, and local governments amounted to 25.5% of GDP, below the OECD average of 33.5% of GDP.
Taxes withheld include federal income tax, Social Security and Medicare taxes, state income tax, and certain other levies by a few states. Income tax withheld on wages is based on the amount of wages less an amount for declared withholding allowances (often called exemptions).
State income tax rates vary widely from state to state. States imposing an income tax on individuals tax all taxable income (as defined in the state) of residents. Such residents are allowed a credit for taxes paid to other states. Most states tax income of nonresidents earned within the state.
Effective payroll tax rate Combined effective income and payroll tax rate Total effective federal tax rate (includes corporate income and excise taxes) Lowest $24,100: −9.2%: 8.4%: −0.8%: 1.5% Second $44,200: −2.3%: 7.8%: 5.5%: 7.2% Middle $65,400: 1.6%: 8.3%: 9.9%: 11.5% Fourth $95,500: 5.0%: 9.0%: 14.0%: 15.6% Highest $239,100: 13.8%: 6 ...
State Tax Burdens 2022. % of income. State tax levels indicate both the tax burden and the services a state can afford to provide residents. States use a different combination of sales, income, excise taxes, and user fees. Some are levied directly from residents and others are levied indirectly.