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In computer science, a mutator method is a method used to control changes to a variable. They are also widely known as setter methods. Often a setter is accompanied by a getter, which returns the value of the private member variable. They are also known collectively as accessors .
It is used to test if an element already exists in a set, or to access to a value through a key. It is used in switch statements to dispatch the control flow to the correct branch, and during the unification process in logic programming.
In class-based programming, objects are created as instances of classes by subroutines called constructors, and destroyed by destructors. An object is an instance of a class as it can access to all data types (primitive as well as non primitive), and methods etc., of a class. Therefore, objects may be called a class instances or class objects.
In object-oriented programming, a member variable (sometimes called a member field) is a variable that is associated with a specific object, and accessible for all its methods (member functions).
Futures and promises. In computer science, future, promise, delay, and deferred refer to constructs used for synchronizing program execution in some concurrent programming languages. They describe an object that acts as a proxy for a result that is initially unknown, usually because the computation of its value is not yet complete.
Forward declaration. In computer programming, a forward declaration is a declaration of an identifier (denoting an entity such as a type, a variable, a constant, or a function) for which the programmer has not yet given a complete definition . It is required for a compiler to know certain properties of an identifier (size for memory allocation ...
Scope (computer science) In computer programming, the scope of a name binding (an association of a name to an entity, such as a variable) is the part of a program where the name binding is valid; that is, where the name can be used to refer to the entity. In other parts of the program, the name may refer to a different entity (it may have a ...
Access modifiers (or access specifiers) are keywords in object-oriented languages that set the accessibility of classes, methods, and other members. Access modifiers are a specific part of programming language syntax used to facilitate the encapsulation of components. [1]
The following code has the same semantics in both C and C++. struct C { int a; double b; }; struct D { int a; double b; C c; }; // initialize an object of type C with an initializer-list C c = {1, 2.0}; // D has a sub-aggregate of type C. In such cases initializer-clauses can be nested D d = {10, 20.0, {1, 2.0}};
Traits combine aspects of protocols (interfaces) and mixins. Like an interface, a trait defines one or more method signatures, of which implementing classes must provide implementations. Like a mixin, a trait provides additional behavior for the implementing class. In case of a naming collision between methods provided by different traits, the ...