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  2. Hindi–Urdu controversy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HindiUrdu_controversy

    The HindiUrdu controversy arose in 19th century colonial India out of the debate over whether Modern Standard Hindi or Standard Urdu should be chosen as a national language. Hindi and Urdu are mutually intelligible as spoken languages, to the extent that they are sometimes considered to be dialects or registers of a single spoken language ...

  3. Hindustani language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindustani_language

    A common vernacular sharing characteristics with Sanskritised Hindi, regional Hindi and Urdu, Hindustani is more commonly used as a vernacular than highly Sanskritised Hindi or highly Persianised Urdu.

  4. Persian and Urdu - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_and_Urdu

    Hindustani (sometimes called Hindi–Urdu) is a colloquial language and lingua franca of Pakistan and the Hindi Belt of India. It forms a dialect continuum between its two formal registers: the highly Persianized Urdu, and the de-Persianized, Sanskritized Hindi. Urdu uses a modification of the Persian alphabet, whereas Hindi uses Devanagari ...

  5. Urdu - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu

    Hindi is written from left to right in the Devanagari script, and is the official language of India, along with English. Urdu, on the other hand, is written from right to left in the Nastaliq script (a modified form of the Arabic script) and is the national language of Pakistan.

  6. List of English words of Hindi or Urdu origin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_English_words_of...

    This is a list of English-language words of Hindi and Urdu origin, two distinguished registers of the Hindustani language. Many of the Hindi and Urdu equivalents have originated from Sanskrit; see List of English words of Sanskrit origin. Many others are of Persian origin; see List of English words of Persian origin.

  7. Hindi - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindi

    However, Hindi is written in the Devanagari script and contains more direct tatsama Sanskrit-derived words than Urdu, whereas Urdu is written in the Perso-Arabic script and uses more Arabic and Persian loanwords compared to Hindi.

  8. Urdu movement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu_movement

    To Muslims in northern and western India, Urdu became an integral part of political identity and communal separatism. The division over the use of Hindi or Urdu would further fuel communal conflict between Muslims and Hindus in India.

  9. Hindustani phonology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindustani_phonology

    Hindustani does not distinguish between [v] and [w], specifically Hindi. These are distinct phonemes in English, but conditional allophones of the phoneme /ʋ/ in Hindustani (written व in Hindi or و in Urdu), meaning that contextual rules determine when it is pronounced as [v] and when it is pronounced as [w].

  10. Indo-Aryan languages - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indo-Aryan_languages

    Hindi, a standardised and Sanskritised register of Dehlavi, is the official language of the Government of India (along with English). Together with Urdu, it is the third most-spoken language in the world. Western Hindi: Hindustani (including Standard Hindi and Standard Urdu), Khariboli, Braj, Haryanvi, Bundeli, Kannauji, Parya;

  11. History of Hindustani language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Hindustani_language

    Hindustani (Hindi: हिन्दुस्तानी, Urdu: ہندوستانی) is one of the predominant languages of South Asia, with federal status in the republics of India and Pakistan in its standardized forms of Hindi and Urdu respectively.